Alginate and its vast range of industrial usages
Abstract
Alginate is a non-toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible, water-soluble and renewable biopolymer, usually extracted from brown algae or produced by microbial culture. This biomaterial has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human use in certain biomedical applications. In addition, there is a wide range of alginate types designed with different properties depending on the specific application. This review aims to show the multiple applications of this biopolymer, which continues to grow exponentially due to its excellent chemical, physical and biological properties. Thus, current applications are present in important areas such as the pharmaceutical industry, chemical and textile industry, gastronomic and freezing industry, biotechnological immobilization of cells and enzymes, controlled release of biomolecules and biomedical industry. Finally, we will discuss its increasing use in 3D bioprinting applications.
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